El presente trabajo pretende abordar algunos de los problemas jurídicos que plantea el acoso escolar, concretamente, los vinculados a las posiciones de garantía. Se trata de un fenómeno que, sin ser de nueva aparición, ha despertado una considerable alarma social, a lo que han contribuido los medios de comunicación y el aumento en los últimos años del número de denuncias. La falta de regulación expresa de esta modalidad de acoso no ha impedido a la jurisprudencia condenar a los autores de bullying por un delito contra la integridad moral. Cuestión distinta es si el castigo de los menores autores de acoso escolar excluye una posible responsabilidad civil e incluso penal de los padres y docentes por infracción de sus deberes de vigilancia y control. En la jurisdicción civil existen numerosas sentencias que condenan a los padres y a los centros docentes, siempre que la conducta delictiva de acoso se haya producido dentro del centro y durante el horario escolar. Por vía penal, aunque de momento no ha habido ninguna condena, cabe destacar la revocación por parte del AAP Cáceres 2ª (jur. Penal), 68/2016, 9-02, de la resolución que decretaba el sobreseimiento provisional de las actuaciones que atribuían a las querelladas (directora, tutora y psicóloga del centro) la comisión de un atentado contra la integridad moral por hallar indicios de delito en su conducta.

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Situations of Guarantee in School Bullying — Can Parents and Teachers Be Subject to Criminal Liability for Not Avoiding It?

The pretention of the present article is to face some of the legal problems that arise from school
bullying. Especially, those related to situations of guarantee. It is a phenomenon that is not new on
the scene but it has caused considerable social alarm. Certainly, the media has contributed to this
alarm and in latter years the number of police reports which have increased. The lack of specific
regulation of this kind of harassment hasn’t prevented the Jurisprudence from condemning the
authors of bullying as a crime against moral integrity. Another question would be if the punishment
of minors authors of school bullying excludes a possible civil responsibility or even criminal
responsibility of the parents and teachers for failing in their duty of vigilance and control. There are
many sentences in the civil jurisdiction which condemn the parents and also the educational centers
when the criminal conduct has taken place inside the Centre and during the school hours. In the
criminal Jurisdiction there has been no sentence for the moment, but it should be observed that there
is a revocation from the AAP Cáceres 2ª (jur. Penal), 68/2016, 9-02, of the resolution that decreated
the provisional dismissal of the action which attributed to the defendant the realization of an attempt
against the moral integrity.